centos 安装完 node， /usr/local/bin 下有 node 却无法执行？

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这是一个创建于 1344 天前的主题，其中的信息可能已经有所发展或是发生改变。

安装方式是通过下载编译好的 node 二进制文件来安装。

安装：

cd ~

wget https://nodejs.org/dist/v12.18.3/node-v12.18.3-linux-x64.tar.xz

sudo tar --strip-components 1 -xvJf node-v* -C /usr/local

检查环境变量 /usr/local/bin 是有的：

/usr/local/bin/node --version 可以执行，node --version 却不可以。


# ls /usr/local/bin
node  npm  npx

# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

# /usr/local/bin/node --version
v12.18.3

# node --version
-bash: /usr/bin/node: No such file or directory

22 条回复 • 2020-08-11 09:49:34 +08:00

whenov

2020-08-10 23:04:07 +08:00

# which node

swulling

2020-08-10 23:05:56 +08:00 via iPhone

这是因为 /usr/bin/node 是一个丢失了引用的软连接，把这个删了就行

selfcreditgiving

2020-08-10 23:15:53 +08:00

@swulling #2 好像这个都不是软连接，是一个实际的执行文件？

# ls -al /usr/local/bin
total 47516
drwxr-xr-x. 2 1001 1001 4096 Aug 10 23:13 .
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Aug 10 22:48 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1001 1001 48646656 Jul 22 23:00 node
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1001 1001 38 Jul 22 23:00 npm -> ../lib/node_modules/npm/bin/npm-cli.js
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1001 1001 38 Jul 22 23:00 npx -> ../lib/node_modules/npm/bin/npx-cli.js

vuuv

2020-08-10 23:27:46 +08:00 via Android

先确认 `/usr/bin/node`是否存在。如果存在，那么检查文件类型是否正确，包括 ELF 是 32 位还是 64 位。
如果文件不存在，那么 `hash -r`命令清空 bash 的命令路径缓存。也可以直接开始清空，毕竟 path 里 /usr/local/bin 目录比 /usr/bin 优先。

swulling

2020-08-10 23:58:25 +08:00 via iPhone

@selfcreditgiving 那就是他引用的动态链接库不存在

jtnwm

2020-08-10 23:59:16 +08:00 via Android

也许缺失依赖？ ldd /usr/bin/node 看看是不是缺了啥

swulling

2020-08-11 00:01:09 +08:00 via iPhone

这种自行安装的方式真的很不好，不适合初级用户，瞎装一通只是一两句也没法修。

简单点选一个源从源里装最合适

selfcreditgiving

2020-08-11 00:04:48 +08:00

@swulling #7 主要是那个什么 update 源没更新，我一装是 node v4.2 ？太老了，我又卸载了。但是那个 yum update 我是有阴影了，执行一次要等很久。而且我担心会影响到现有环境。

selfcreditgiving

2020-08-11 00:06:27 +08:00

@jtnwm #6 帮忙看看了多谢
# ldd /usr/local/bin/node
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007ffeb23d4000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f93c65ac000)
libstdc++.so.6 => /lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007f93c62a5000)
libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007f93c5fa2000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007f93c5d8c000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f93c5b70000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f93c57a2000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000561e91325000)

leo108

2020-08-11 00:11:09 +08:00

1 、2 、4 、6 楼的兄弟都在说 /usr/bin/node，楼主一个劲地操作 /usr/local/bin/node，能找出问题才怪。特别是 1 楼的命令有 90% 的概率能找到问题，不知道为什么楼主选择性忽略。

calmzhu

2020-08-11 00:17:17 +08:00

这是没找到，跟动态链接库没关系。

ls -la `which node`
看一下，如果不是指向 /usr/local/bin/node 直接删掉。

如果是，关掉 shell 重新开一下。

selfcreditgiving

2020-08-11 00:29:02 +08:00

@leo108 #10 我想可能是打错了， /usr/bin/node 是没有的

# ls -al /usr/bin/node
ls: cannot access /usr/bin/node: No such file or directory

@calmzhu #11 是指向这个 /usr/local/bin/node

# ls -la `which node`
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1001 1001 48646656 Jul 22 23:00 /usr/local/bin/node

重启 shell 指的是重启笔记本上的终端吗，还是服务器上面的 shell，笔记本我已经重启过了的。服务器的东西我尽量不想动，这个上面还跑着好几个应用的 docker 容器呢

vuuv

2020-08-11 00:32:02 +08:00 via Android

@selfcreditgiving 那么看下 #4 我的回复，谢谢。

calmzhu

2020-08-11 00:37:09 +08:00

不用重启服务器。重启过的话。那么文件位置对的。

看下这个文件类型。
file /usr/local/bin/node
看一下文件类型是 elf 还是 ascii text

如果是 ASCII text，用文本打开看看第一行的内容。

selfcreditgiving

2020-08-11 00:48:49 +08:00

@vuuv #13
@calmzhu #14

# file /usr/local/bin/node
/usr/local/bin/node: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (GNU/Linux), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.32, BuildID[sha1]=48b59ee612c13e556e0b1fae84c06398f4fc942a, not stripped

好像是 64 的，elf

calmzhu

2020-08-11 00:50:50 +08:00

@calmzhu
不用看了。之前是怀疑 node 用脚本管理。然后里面第一行指向了#！/usr/bin/node

但是看你 ls -la 出来的大小应该是二进制。

用 strace 跟一下调用看看

strace node --version

selfcreditgiving

2020-08-11 01:07:16 +08:00

@calmzhu #16

我试一下，node --version 又可以了，，，记起来我重启 mac pro 后，没有试过 node --version 能不能用

重启的原因其实主要是上网很慢，各种操作都卡 ssh 远程连接阿里云服务器，wget 下载文件 node 安装包也很慢。

而且我在终端里输入命令特别的卡，所以重启了一下，重启后网速快多了，而且输入也不卡顿。

但是我奇怪的是，我连接阿里云服务器下载，那个下载是阿里云服务器去下载，和我 mac pro 的网速有什么关系呢？

我记得昨天 mac pro 开了很多软件没关（ IDEA 、Chrome 、Evernote 那些），就合上盖休眠了，可能是这个原因

selfcreditgiving

2020-08-11 01:08:53 +08:00

@calmzhu #16 顺便附上命令结果，不过应该没关系了

# strace node --version
execve("/usr/local/bin/node", ["node", "--version"], [/* 22 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x4aee000
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f5ce4a71000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=28662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 28662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f5ce4a6a000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib64/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\220\r\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=19288, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2109712, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f5ce464d000
mprotect(0x7f5ce464f000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f5ce484f000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x2000) = 0x7f5ce484f000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib64/libstdc++.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0 \262\5\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=991616, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3171168, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f5ce4346000
mprotect(0x7f5ce442f000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f5ce462e000, 40960, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0xe8000) = 0x7f5ce462e000
mmap(0x7f5ce4638000, 82784, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f5ce4638000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib64/libm.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\20S\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1137016, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f5ce4a69000
mmap(NULL, 3150120, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f5ce4044000
mprotect(0x7f5ce4145000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f5ce4344000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x100000) = 0x7f5ce4344000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib64/libgcc_s.so.1", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\220*\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=88776, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2184192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f5ce3e2e000
mprotect(0x7f5ce3e43000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f5ce4042000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x14000) = 0x7f5ce4042000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib64/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\260l\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=141968, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2208904, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f5ce3c12000
mprotect(0x7f5ce3c29000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f5ce3e28000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x16000) = 0x7f5ce3e28000
mmap(0x7f5ce3e2a000, 13448, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f5ce3e2a000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib64/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\340$\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=2151672, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f5ce4a68000
mmap(NULL, 3981792, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f5ce3845000
mprotect(0x7f5ce3a07000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f5ce3c07000, 24576, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x1c2000) = 0x7f5ce3c07000
mmap(0x7f5ce3c0d000, 16864, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f5ce3c0d000
close(3) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f5ce4a67000
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f5ce4a65000
arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_FS, 0x7f5ce4a65780) = 0

selfcreditgiving

2020-08-11 01:09:45 +08:00

一次贴不了太长，分两次：

mprotect(0x7f5ce3c07000, 16384, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f5ce3e28000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f5ce4042000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f5ce4344000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f5ce4a64000
mprotect(0x7f5ce462e000, 32768, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f5ce484f000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
stat("/etc/sysconfig/64bit_strstr_via_64bit_strstr_sse2_unaligned", 0x7fff97bd7750) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mprotect(0x2c7e000, 12288, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f5ce4a72000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
munmap(0x7f5ce4a6a000, 28662) = 0
set_tid_address(0x7f5ce4a65a50) = 6852
set_robust_list(0x7f5ce4a65a60, 24) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGRTMIN, {0x7f5ce3c18790, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_SIGINFO, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGRT_1, {0x7f5ce3c18820, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART|SA_SIGINFO, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, [RTMIN RT_1], NULL, 8) = 0
getrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, {rlim_cur=8192*1024, rlim_max=RLIM64_INFINITY}) = 0
futex(0x7f5ce464a8ac, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 2147483647) = 0
futex(0x7f5ce464a8b8, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 2147483647) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x4aee000
brk(0x4b0f000) = 0x4b0f000
brk(NULL) = 0x4b0f000
futex(0x2c9ae50, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 2147483647) = 0
getuid() = 0
geteuid() = 0
getgid() = 0
getegid() = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [USR1], NULL, 8) = 0
fstat(0, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0620, st_rdev=makedev(136, 0), ...}) = 0
fstat(1, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0620, st_rdev=makedev(136, 0), ...}) = 0
fstat(2, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0620, st_rdev=makedev(136, 0), ...}) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGHUP, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGQUIT, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGILL, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGTRAP, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGABRT, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGBUS, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGFPE, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGUSR1, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGSEGV, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGUSR2, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGPIPE, {SIG_IGN, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGALRM, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGTERM, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGSTKFLT, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGCHLD, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGCONT, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGTSTP, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGTTIN, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGTTOU, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGURG, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGXCPU, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGXFSZ, {SIG_IGN, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGVTALRM, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGPROF, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGIO, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGPWR, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGSYS, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
fcntl(0, F_GETFL) = 0x8002 (flags O_RDWR|O_LARGEFILE)
ioctl(0, TCGETS, {B9600 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0
ioctl(0, TCGETS, {B9600 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0
fcntl(1, F_GETFL) = 0x8002 (flags O_RDWR|O_LARGEFILE)
ioctl(1, TCGETS, {B9600 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0
ioctl(1, TCGETS, {B9600 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0
fcntl(2, F_GETFL) = 0x8002 (flags O_RDWR|O_LARGEFILE)
ioctl(2, TCGETS, {B9600 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0
ioctl(2, TCGETS, {B9600 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {0x9d6080, ~[RTMIN RT_1], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESETHAND, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGTERM, {0x9d6080, ~[RTMIN RT_1], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESETHAND, 0x7f5ce3c215d0}, NULL, 8) = 0
getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, {rlim_cur=65535, rlim_max=65535}) = 0
ioctl(0, FIOCLEX) = 0
ioctl(1, FIOCLEX) = 0
ioctl(2, FIOCLEX) = 0
ioctl(3, FIOCLEX) = -1 EBADF (Bad file descriptor)
ioctl(4, FIOCLEX) = -1 EBADF (Bad file descriptor)
ioctl(5, FIOCLEX) = -1 EBADF (Bad file descriptor)
ioctl(6, FIOCLEX) = -1 EBADF (Bad file descriptor)
ioctl(7, FIOCLEX) = -1 EBADF (Bad file descriptor)
ioctl(8, FIOCLEX) = -1 EBADF (Bad file descriptor)
ioctl(9, FIOCLEX) = -1 EBADF (Bad file descriptor)
ioctl(10, FIOCLEX) = -1 EBADF (Bad file descriptor)
ioctl(11, FIOCLEX) = -1 EBADF (Bad fi

calmzhu

2020-08-11 01:15:39 +08:00 via Android

嗯。那应该是重启后恢复的。bash 的 path 缓存导致的。。网速那个，阿里云的下载是本身就很慢吧﹉我的阿理云访问这种国外的经常十几 kb

ysc3839

2020-08-11 01:57:27 +08:00 via Android

推荐使用 nvm 安装，nvm 也是从官网下载编译好的包，但是自动帮你处理安装流程了。

ruanimal

2020-08-11 09:49:34 +08:00

@ysc3839 n 比 nvm 好用